Why can functions be outside classes in some languages ​​and not in others?

Question

Programming languages

For example, now I just started to study Kotlin, and I see that functions can exist on their own, but in Java, I know, there are functions only inside classes. Is it just a feature of the language? Or is it related to something? Why is it so in some and so in others? That is, is it worth using such functions that are outside the classes, or is it better to define them inside?

Answer 1

There are no functions in Java at all, only methods. Methods, by definition, cannot be outside classes. And this is done because Java was designed as a language forcing people to write in OOP.

Answer 2

Apparently you need to know css. I can’t even imagine what the difficulties arose here?
Shading is probably easier with border-image or pseudo-elements like :after
Photos with border-radius: 50%
italic gray text. What specifically is causing you difficulty?
For if you expect someone to do it for you - it's not accepted here, although there is a chance to get on an unemployed altruist.