Which machine learning algorithm is more suitable under conditions of a priori uncertainty?

Question

Neural networks

It is necessary to create an algorithm that detects and recognizes phase modulation with a priori uncertainty of the parameters, that is, in the case when we do not know either the amplitude, or the phase, or the frequency, and so on. existing signal.
The only assumption is the frequency range in which it can be.
Question: what is the best machine learning algorithm to use in this case?