Which file (class) describes the key product attributes in magento?

Question

PHP

The task is to write a module that will add a new attribute to the standard set of attributes, also add it to the listing (and make it possible to sort and filter by the value of this attribute), and of course display it on the front end.
As I understand it, somewhere there is a class that describes these key attributes such as 'name', 'SKU', 'type', 'quantity', 'visibility'.
And the task is to inherit this class, add a new attribute to it and shove this attribute into all the necessary parts (listing, standard set of attributes, fore-end)?
Tell me where to start? Where to dig information?

Answer 1

> which will add a new attribute to the standard set of attributes, also add it to the listing (and make it possible to sort and filter by the value of this attribute)
This feature is available "out of the box" in the Admin:
Admin > Catalog > Attributes
- Manage Attributes
- Manage Attribute Sets
Search the net for guides on how to work with this case. Or study at random.
Out of the box, only this may not work:
> and of course display it on the front end
But on the Toaster I already wrote how to display such custom attributes:
Magento product card