Where to read about Artificial Intelligence in theory and abstraction?

Question

Machine learning

Where to read or from whom to read about Artificial Intelligence in abstraction, without falling into any formulations of creating primitive robots (this is not AI)? Well, like, reflections on the topic of AI and why it is possible or impossible, or a theory on AI?

Answer 1

strong AI is primarily a field of linguistics, not programming
read about logical languages
​​about machine translation
about the language model

Answer 2

The concept of intelligence is a collective concept and includes all the functionality that a person demonstrates in his life when solving problems. The volume of this functionality is quite large, so at this stage, the researchers take some small part of it and try to implement it. This is how the concept of weak artificial intelligence (realization of a small part of human intellectual capabilities in hardware) is born. There is also the concept of strong artificial intelligence. A system with AIS must demonstrate all the intellectual functionality of a person and pass the Turing test.
Accordingly, you will not find books that reliably show the general architecture of AIS, because it has not yet been created. But there is an option to get this knowledge in parts. Here you can delve into the basics by reading textbooks like AI:SP Norvig, textbooks on neurophysiology, psychology, psychohisiology, pedagogy, etc. You can look at attempts to implement complex intelligent systems in the search results for the term "Cognitive architectures" or read the materials of the AGI conference.
Conclusion: at the moment, I am not aware of any intelligible works that fully cover, at least superficially, all the problems of AIS at once. Separate sections can be quite well covered. So when you talk about AIS, always be specific about what you're interested in. Too much knowledge required. It simply does not fit into one human head.
PS: If you need something in common for initial warming up of interest, then you can open the AI ​​section on geektimes. There are many articles on the subject.

Answer 3

Penrose, The King's New Mind, e.g.
Kurzweil's "How to create a mind"