Where to dig to create a master/constructor/report generator in PHP/JS?

Question

PHP

Greetings! In order not to write a request to the database at the first request of marketers and inspired by the report wizard in Yandex Direct, I sketched the following interface:

A post request is generated to the server and it generates a request to the database through a local query builder. Now it all works on jquery and jquery ui, and I will rewrite it under vue.js
Tell me what to read, or similar projects in php, try to study the code, etc. I did it purely out of my head ...
I also want to implement a column constructor (like Google in Edwards) sorting by these columns and searching.