Where can I download a database of regions and localities in Russia?

Question

MySQL

Preferably in sql format with two tables (regions and localities with region identifiers). Relevance for 2016 is highly desirable. Perhaps you can somehow get this data from directories and make your own database, this will also work.

Answer 1

fias.nalog.ru/Updates.aspx
I'll add: KLADR, which is written about in neighboring answers, is not an old format, it is a different format, although it is the predecessor of FIAS. Both directories are replenished and updated, both contain jambs and errors, both general and personal.
At the level of work with regions and cities, there are no particular problems (apart from the idiotic arrangement of cities in our country, when a city can be part of another city being ten kilometers away, and a village located within the city can be isolated), but at the level of streets / houses Misprints are quite common.

Answer 2

https://dadata.ru/

Answer 3

https://vk.com/dev/database.getCountries
in the same place and other data

Answer 4

The old format is called KLADR: https://www.nalog.ru/rn77/program/all/kladr/
The new format is called FIAS: fias.nalog.ru/Updates.aspx

Answer 5

KLADR