What should a novice system administrator know?

Question

Computer networks

in fact, as for searching the site, everything that I find on the site, 1-2 years ago or even more, I found in information security. Where can I take free information security courses for a novice system administrator? the only thing that is more or less fresh, as a novice system administrator (I just graduated from college last year, I’m thinking about a tower, but when I have money), I worked for six months in the tax office, hence a few questions: information on the site, which is about 1-2 years old, relevant? (perhaps I didn’t search well and there is something fresher interesting), can you say in 2 words that the main thing you need to know is SA in a wide range? Linux didn’t even go through, pulled it up a bit, actually the questions are higher

Answer 1

If it’s just a beginner ... The tax office is all sitting on Windows, it’s not possible to get away from this. I know, I also worked there :)
In general, the development of a system administrator looks something like this:
1. You study Windows in its entirety. What, where, how to set up printers, how a network printer differs from a local one shared over the network. What does port 9100 have to do with it
. 2. You immediately study the structure of the printer, in the future it will be useful when you look for an office that will serve you.
3. You study your local network. Most likely it will be the "star" typology, which was made back in the year 2003, when there was the first mass purchase of PCs. Of course, they won’t let you do anything with it, but in the server room there are quite interesting pieces of iron from the FSB, a couple of 2-core servers, storage. If the boss is competent (or you can find contacts in your council), you can safely ask what is behind what and for what.
In general, the path of enikeya ends here. Then the flight of fancy begins, what to do when it is actually impossible to do it.
4. You take an old computer, put Ubuntu or Debian on it, for example. You try to raise samba, LDAP authorization, study what Kerberos tickets are and why nothing works for you, although you did everything according to the instructions. Here you should already have an understanding of what a system based on the Linux kernel is and how it differs from Windows. At this stage, you will need to acquire such a thing as a KVM router (you will find it in the server room).
5. You take another old computer. You put a software router on it, for example pfSense. You set it up and at the same time understand how FreeBSD is better than Linux. The main thing here is to understand the idea of ​​everything that you do. In parallel with setting up, you raise such questions as what a firewall is, a routing table, why the computer is turned on and visible on the network, but does not respond to ping. Along the way, you set up a VPN, a proxy (if your eye falls on the 3rd squid, you can indulge in the substitution of certificates).
6. You pick up the old Tsiska. If it is not in the inspection, then you go to the store and buy Mikrotik. For example, 2011. It is relatively inexpensive, and it will come in handy at home. Well, or for the future, stick it in some kind of office when you earn extra money or quit the tax office. In general, you deal with the device, set up the same VPN and connect to your gateway, which should work on FreeBSD.
Here you will already be an intelligent specialist who will be useful in every organization. There is quite practical work experience, there is an idea of ​​​​what is right and what is not, and a theoretical base that will not let you lose ground in an interview.
And now further, you can choose where to move in development, just like littleguga . Stay on Windows, study server solutions and the Azure cloud, move towards nix, into network administration, etc.

Answer 2

I selected materials on this topic:
https://github.com/lgg/studying/tree/master/system...
You can throw stones, but I would divide the path of the system administrator into: enikey
(installer, cable pulling, etc.)
admin(windows servers)
unix-admin(unix-servers)
DevOps(docker/ansible + unix-admin)
+ can be divided by scale/machines to manage
office
data center
application server(local) / application server(highload)
Actually, choose your own way and the scale is higher, and then the question changes a lot.

Answer 3

What (and How) to Learn to Become a System Administrator

Answer 4

This question has been raised here multiple times, at least three times in the last month.
Tyts

Answer 5

This position is called TYZHprogrammer.
You need to know everything!
- Desktop Windows / Linux and related tasks;
- Windows / Linux server part (MSSQL, 1C, PowerShell, cmd, vbs, bash, apache/php/mysql/, postfix, and many, many, many, and many more);
- IP-telephony;
- The structure of the local network;
- Cisco and Mikrotik network equipment;
- Have the skills to install and repair a local network, incl. and improvised means, this will also be part of your duties;
- Graphic packages, because for any you will be strained by this;
- It is also mandatory to know HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, MySQL and a couple of different CMS, such as Joomla and Wordpress;
Well, as a result, between installation and repair of dirty and dusty computers, you will sometimes run into the office to finish the site, or another store for which you have been robbed for the second month already, to improve the performance of some service, set up communication between departments, write auto-backup scripts and many, many, many more.
And as a result, get a penny salary, because the pedestal of fame here is occupied by a sales worker, because he and only he brings profit to the enterprise, and you are no one, just a servant on a par with a cleaner :)