What settings are needed on Mikrotik for correct operation of SIP based on Asterisk?

Question

Asterisk

Good day. There is an Asterisk behind the Mikrotik in the network 172.х.х.х/24 on the Mikrotik there is a white address, there are clients behind the gray static address, they are in the network 10.х.х.х/23. How to correctly configure the microt to get calls and voice? I thought just the forward port would be enough, but apparently I'm doing something wrong. the tubes are registered and can make a call, but in the tubes there is silence in both directions and the session does not break after the tube is hung up. Something I do not understand where to dig. I'm just getting acquainted with asterisk.

Answer 1

If the PBX is behind NAT, then it is necessary to tell her about it.

/etc/asterisk/sip.conf
[general]
externaddr=${MIKROTIK_WAN_IP}
localnet=192.168.0.0/16
localnet=10.0.0.0/8
localnet=172.16.0.0/12

Forward ports on Mikrotik

udp 5060
udp 10000-20000

Answer 2

Pretty well described how SIP ALG works on Mikrotik.
He is Helper.
PDF for reading (mum.mikrotik.com)

Answer 3

Maybe this video will help: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Anu6ZYg25yM