What is the math problem for finding a block in bitcoin???

Question

bitcoin

why this task is intended, where is it, how to solve it?

Answer 1

With the help of a pen and papyrus, were you going to search?)

Answer 2

A block consists of the previous block (hash sum), the hash sum of all enabled transactions, and a random number (English: nonce).
Here is an example of a block hash 00000000000001c21dbf4715d5da1a288061faa21e950dd8df6ae25c8b55d868
But to get a hash with so many zeros at the beginning, you need to go through all possible options :)
so no math - just brute force