What is the difference between Concurrency, Multithreading, Asynchrony and Parallelism?

Question

IT terminology

In the Russian-speaking segment, there is only the concept of single-threaded execution and multi-threaded execution. With the advent of JS, promise and async began to be used. But in the western segment, a few more terms have been in full use since the early 2000s. Why are they not used by us? Do we write few distributed things and do everything in one thread?

Answer 1

There is a lot of confusion with terms from this area. For example, in Java it is very common to refer to multithreaded execution as asynchronous, although this is not true in all contexts. The easiest way to understand is by analogy. I'll quote myself :
And for all cases, except the first, there is a common term - multitasking.

Answer 2

Roskomnadzor got to Google?
What is the difference between parallel and multithreaded programming?
https://habr.com/post/337528/
thousands of them. and this is within the framework of only thematic media.

Answer 3

Because they are different concepts.