What is the development path of a developer, c/c++/python?

Question

Python

Good day.
Not yet quite old (26 years old)
I decided to radically change the scope of my activity.
I am an engineer by education, I am familiar with programming only in terms of G-code on CNC machines.
I decided to move into the IT field.
I thought for a long time which way to go and after talking with my friends I decided to go the way of the developer.
in the center the Specialist took a course for beginners. Look at the big picture. I got acquainted.
Of course, I asked questions there, but I would also like to hear answers from experts in this environment, and not just from the employees of the center :)
Actually questions:
1. As I understand learning the C language - is this what any developer should know?
2. Python and C have a lot in common, does this mean that, in principle, having studied C up to a certain point, it will be possible to study Python in parallel?
3. In general, the plan is laid out like this:
C, C ++, Python - is this the main, let's say, base that I want to study?
What else does a developer need to know?
Learning Linux? if so, what build?
Thanks in advance.
Suggestions are welcome if you have any :)

Answer 1

I advise you to think carefully about whether you have chosen the right field of activity for cardinal changes. In it, 26 years old is already an impressive age to enter, no matter what anyone says. Do not listen to students on the toaster and online coaches, but first, look at this opinion and this (and other videos). If you don’t piss with boiling water at the sight of code, and don’t jump up at 5 in the morning to sit down to program faster, then there can be much more minuses in this activity than pluses. Well, in general, to bring down the flair of romance tyts and tyts .
It is worth noting that in the next 10 years there will be an overabundance of "IT people" and an acute shortage of engineering/working personnel. Accordingly, the same will happen to the former as to accountants/lawyers/economists/realtors, while the latter will be in great demand and highly paid. Soviet-style engineers will leave, but the technosphere will not go anywhere, and will become a much hotter area than websites and mobile apps.
If the hunt is not repulsed, then you need to decide on the area - enterprise (c#, java), mobile (java, swift, kotlin, etc.), web development (and there is either frontend - html, css, a cloud of js frameworks, or backend - php, python, ruby, node.js and also a cloud of frameworks). Or maybe even server administration, devops, big data, machine learning, statistics, system analytics, gamedev, etc. Each niche has its own huge technology stack, which is enough for years of study ... then years of growing out of a junior, then years of consolidation in the middles, and then goodbye, because there is a line of 25-year-old seniors on the street))
From the fact that you took the first 3 languages ​​from the top 2017, there is little sense (java, where are you going then?). For full development (before you start full-fledged work), you need to spend at least 2 years actively stuffing cones (and not an hour and a half after work, but from morning to evening). Take the course "Fundamentals of Programming in the X Language", and immediately move along the chosen niche, there is no point in sticking to C / C ++ if there is no specific goal to apply them to something.
If you are "for the soul" - then try everything that lays eyes on, and choose in practice, and not on advice from the forums. If you need to get to work as soon as possible, the main demand for juniors goes to java, web (as a rule, layout, php and cms), 1C. Freelancing is dominated by web development, mostly js on the frontend and php on the backend. To understand what to take on, it is enough to open xx.ru, freelance exchanges and study the demand.
But I really strongly recommend not to be fooled by fashion, fairy tales of cozy lofts, coffee cookies, huge salaries and continue to develop in engineering. Change areas, companies, grow to a chief engineer, you will have money, and personal life, and stability, and an interesting job, not scoliosis, burning out your eyes with code and chasing new frameworks))

Answer 2

1. As I understand it, learning the C language is something that any developer should know?

Not
No, they don't, and yes you can.
To begin with, set a goal, why do you need all this, why start with a superficial acquaintance, learning the basics of the language, writing simple programs. If you still have a desire to do this, then pick up the literature on computer science ("Code. The Secret Language of Computer Science", Tannenbaum's books on PC architecture, etc.) and study to understand the basics, yes, C will help you with this and assembler. At the same time, delve into what you are interested in (web, mobile development, desktop, game dev, whatever). Having learned the basics, it will be easier to understand any language and your code will be more efficient again in any language.
Well, or there is a second way: learn a little python, php or javascript + html + css, a couple of frameworks and fuck the code like a monkey.
In general, no, not necessarily, it is useful for general development. And of course, programming in Linux is more convenient. If you decide, then choose Ubuntu / Debian / Arch or any other, it doesn’t matter.

Answer 3

Either you have not clarified for yourself yet, or have not indicated in the question.
The most important thing! What is your end goal?
Of course, 30-40 years ago the path of a developer was a choice, somewhere at the same time the choice of C or C++ was definitely the right option. Then even the administrator did not quite separate into an independent profession.
Now you need to understand in which particular area of ​​programming you want to develop, since the system engineer will not do anything on the web, and the front-end developer will not do anything in game development ... And so on. But this is the second question.
The answer to the first question will allow you to understand what you want to get from the profession and then the number of answers to the second question will be greatly reduced. If you want to get a stable paid job, then you need to look at vacancies in your city and choose what to study from this. C and C++ are more about systems programming, and there the entry threshold is many times higher than in most other areas. If you want more freedom and work from home more often, then the frontend will be more suitable.
In general, answer the first question for yourself and it will become much easier to decide.

Answer 4

Everything is fine! Learn OOP right now. And Python. It is simple, clear and very powerful and modern.