What is the correct way to make a cron job in ubuntu 18.04?

Question

ubuntu

There is such a file

#!/bin/bash
#сделать полное архивирование, если со дня последнего полного архивирования прошел 14 дней;
duplicity --no-encryption --verbosity info --volsize 1024 --exclude /media --exclude /dev --exclude /proc --exclude /tmp  --exclude /run --exclude /mnt --exclude /sys --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/proc --exclude=/tmp --exclude=/home --full-if-older-than 14D / file:///media/gray/4tb/backup/

# дамп mysql
mysqldump -u nextcloud2 [email protected] nextcloud2 | gzip > `date +/home/gray/bnvp0_sql/dump.sql.%Y.%m.%d_%H.%M.gz`

#удалить резервные копии старше, чем Х месяцев.
duplicity remove-older-than 1M --force file:///media/gray/4tb/backup/

#восстановить файлы
#duplicity restore  file:///media/gray/4tb/backup/ /media/gray/4tb/test/ --no-encryption

#восстановление конкретного файла или папки (Во время восстановления каталога, папки создавать вручную не надо. Если восстанавливаете файл, то полный путь к конечной директории должен существовать.)
#duplicity --no-encryption --file-to-restore var/log file:///mnt/yadisk /restore/var/log
#duplicity --no-encryption --file-to-restore var/log/messages file:///mnt/yadisk /restore/var/log/messages

#посмотреть статус архивов
#duplicity collection-status --no-encryption file:///media/gray/4tb/backup/

#подробнее https://serveradmin.ru/backup-linux-servera-s-pomoshhyu-duplicity/

I'm trying to cram it into cron but nothing comes out, I've already tried so many options, tell me how I
tried it correctly
sudo nano / etc / crontab
0 * * * * root /home/backup.sh

Answer 1

In the console (terminal) of Ubuntu, execute the command
This will allow you to edit jobs for cron. After executing the command, you will see something like this in the terminal

# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
# 
# Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
# indicating with different fields when the task will be run
# and what command to run for the task
# 
# To define the time you can provide concrete values for
# minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
# and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').# 
# Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
# daemon's notion of time and timezones.
# 
# Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
# email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
# 
# For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
# at 5 a.m every week with:
# 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
# 
# For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
# 
# m h  dom mon dow   command

###
ВОТ ТУТ ПИШИТЕ СВОЁ РАСПИСАНИЕ ДЛЯ CRON
###
* * * * * /home/$user/bash.sh

After you write the task for corn, use CTRL+O, ENTER and CTRL+X (in sequence) to write and close the editor.
You can view the list of jobs with the crontab -l
ps
command . With the command crontab -u UserName -eyou specify which user cron will run as.
pss
cron jobs added this way will be stored in /var/spool/cron/crontabs. A file named after the system user name will be created in this directory. Here it is just edited through crontab -e.
You can also create task files in /etc/cron.d. In this case, you must specify the username under which the task will be launched.
There are also directories /etc/cron.daily, /etc/cron.hourly, /etc/cron.monthly,/etc/cron.weekly. In these directories, you can place files with tasks that will run daily, hourly, monthly and weekly, respectively.