What is the best way to start programming in Node.JS?

Question

Programming

I am a complete amateur in programming. Used Apache + PHP. All this was in the days of Denver.
And now there was a need to switch to Node.JS. Client side JS is easy to write. But something server - a complete forest. The server setup on the local computer was as follows: installed denver, created a folder, created files, we are working.
I don't know anything else about the server. Only that he knows how to give data (I don’t know how, in what way, what kind of data). I’ll explain right away why I won’t give this job to a professional. Firstly, he will never do what I need, and secondly, I'm interested in understanding how my application works in order to be able to scale it. I have no ambition to be a pro. My goal is to make the application the way I see it.
My main problem: not understanding how to submit the page (it used to be like this: click on the shortcut, upload the file, it works, edit PHP+HTML+CSS in Notepad++).
Key questions:
1. How does the server work? (packets, headers, connections, sockets, network infrastructure - a dark forest)
2. Is it possible to create an application, "pulling up" only the necessary knowledge, and not the full knowledge of everything and everyone?

Answer 1

I will not give it to a professional, because he will never do what I need

A professional will not do it, but you will, although you have no idea how. LOGIC MOTHERFUCKER DO YOU USE IT?
In general, if you wanted to deal with this, you would open Wikipedia and start reading about packets, headers, connections, sockets, network infrastructure.
And yes, you can create an application, having mastered everything you have listed only partially. But then you, perhaps, <sarcasm>like a professional</sarcasm> will do it not as it should, but as it turns out.

Answer 2

Start with this screencast:
https://learn.javascript.ru/nodejs-screencast