What exactly is IoT development?

Question

Internet of Things

Explain what development for IoT is? Is it high-level programming for regular OS software like linux or android? Or do you need to write programs for iron so that they run programs in higher languages? What does it mean to be an IoT programmer, what do you need to know? Do I need to know linux, android, driver programming? Is Iot connected at all with such concepts as linux, android, or is it on the same level with them?

Answer 1

Differently.
Yes, in small-scale products that require a beautiful interface, often in order to reduce the cost of development, they use ready-made components based on Android.
For example, I had an order to develop an interface for a 3D printer, where it was decided to use a simple Android tablet as a screen and control panel, which was glued inside the printer case.
It is also reasonable to use the tablet as a control panel, say, for a "smart home" for small runs.
Even automakers, with their high production runs, often prefer Android or WinCE based solutions for their multimedia systems. For example, they need Android in order not to bother with the Bluetooth stack and have a ready-made GUI right away.
If the issue is not in the organization of the graphical user interface, but a network stack is needed, then Linux / BSD / etc. can be used.
However, Linux can also be used for the GUI. But for this there must be opportunities:
A large series.
Or special requirements for low power consumption (Android, nevertheless, eats relatively much).
If a full-fledged network stack is not needed, displaying is not needed, however, very large energy savings are needed (there are devices that work from a watch battery for years, and even manage to transmit data over the air) - specific operating systems are used here, stitched together tightly with application program. Or no OS at all.
And it also happens that the controlled equipment has the most severe real-time requirements.
Then a full-fledged specialized real-time OS capable of loading modules can be used, as well as an operating system tightly linked to the application program (it would be more correct to call the OS in this case a library for accessing hardware, but historically it has been called the OS). Sometimes for hard real-time they practice without an OS at all.
Google QNX, RTOS.
High-level languages ​​are anything that is not assembly language.
There is little reason to program in assembler nowadays, except for small pieces of code.
For example, the same high-level language C quite gives itself a level of access to hardware at a level comparable to assembler