What does this code from Laravel's .htaccess mean?

Question

htaccess

90% of what is written in .htaccess is completely incomprehensible to me.
And here I ran into a problem.
I uploaded a laravel project to the server and got a 500 error.
I dug and dug, got to htaccess, started deleting blocks of code one by one and deleting this code:

# Handle Front Controller...
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]

helped start the project.
What does it mean and how much is it needed? And why can work break because of it (locally everything works fine)?

Answer 1

90% of the 500s on Laravel are crooked write permissions to storage. Especially after moving the project.
This code redirects all requests to index.
I doubt it very much, but maybe mod rewrite is not installed on the server.
Starting the main page can and helped, but did you try to go to others?