What causes the strikethrough font in Chrome?

Question

css

At some point on the site, some elements with text became strikethrough in chrome and not for all visitors. For a long time I could not repeat the bug, until I myself had such troubles. I looked through the inspector for all styles, there is no mention of strikethrough anywhere. Some elements are strikethrough in a color other than the font color. And if you add text-decoration: line-through;
the color of the line, it becomes the color of the text, which in my opinion indicates the non-CSS nature of this strikethrough. Who has such ideas?
Screenshot:
Website: buket.yugs.ru

Answer 1

Why are there two amounts in the "Total" field (in the screenshot)? The second - the amount without discount, and only it should be crossed out?
Perhaps somewhere an unclosed <del> or <strike> tag

Answer 2

You can strike out not only with styles. There are also STRIKE and DEL tags.
Here are a couple of examples: jsfiddle.net/IonDen/stu26uct

<div>
    <strike>Зачеркнутый текст</strike> и еще один <del>Зачеркнутый текст</del>
</div>
<div>
    <strike class="special">Зачеркнутый текст</strike>
</div>
<div>
    <strike class="firefox">Зачеркнутый текст</strike>
</div>

.special {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    text-decoration: none;
}
.special:after {
    position: absolute;
    display: block;
    content: "";
    top: 50%; left: 0;
    width: 100%; height: 2px;
    margin-top: -1px;
    background: #f00;
}

.firefox {
    text-decoration-color: #f00;
}

Answer 3

Run to the validator. You have mistakes there. and no one writes
the tag like that :) correctly or</br><br><br/>

Answer 4

Damn, guys, really unclosed tag. Asked to check the layout designer said that he checked everything, but really not a closed tag. I'm sorry for disturbing