What are the logging standards?

Question

Journaling

1. I wonder what standards there are (formats, principles for placing logging points), I will be grateful for the links.
   
2. What is the format (and reader) with the ability to collapse nested blocks?
   
3. How to correctly place logging points so that:
   1. They didn't clutter up the code.
      
   2. It was possible to minimize their impact on code performance in a production environment where detailed logs are not needed.
      
   
   
4. I found several log parsers in PHPStorm, but I didn’t find a description of these formats, I didn’t understand how to use them either (I only worked for coloring by the first letter (I, W, E)). I couldn't understand from regular expressions:
   Pipe-separate: ^(?s)([^|]*)\|([^|]*)\|([^|]*)\|(.*)$
   IntelliJ IDEA : ^([^\[]+)(\+)](.):\s*(\+])?(.*)$