What are the consequences for the position of the site in the issuance of PS does a 301 redirect?

Question

Google

Greetings
It's time to change the structure of the site (page addresses), but it's scary because of the possible loss of positions in the issuance of PS. Therefore, I turn to you for advice.
There are many pages on the site with backlinks leading to them. Logically, you just need to set a redirect (301) from old pages to new ones, but as noted above, you are worried about the possible (complete or partial) loss of positions and the loss of various "goodies" from search engines during a redirect.
I got acquainted with the information on the network from various personalities, some of whom write unpleasant notes about the redirect:

• "Link equity is passed through a redirect, but direct links are still better"
  
• "As practice has shown, when a site is completely migrated, most often it is not very respectful"
  
• "If the site was in the first positions, then you started the transition to a new domain wrong"
  
• "As you already understood, there are a number of situations when it is simply necessary to change the URL structure, but there are also moments when it is not worth changing anything. For example, when your site is excellently indexed and ranks well in the search results."
  
• "It's worth remembering that links with 301 redirects always lose some weight, so you should expect some reduction in search results"
  
• "There will still be a temporary subsidence"
  
• ...etc.
  

Someone writes on the contrary that "everything will be fine, don't worry ...". Who is right, partially right or wrong? I don’t even know if it’s worth it, what consequences, to change or not ...?
Please enlighten me about the possible risks for the positions of the site pages in the search results with a correct 301 redirect!

Answer 1

The subsidence will be in any case. Maybe 2 weeks, maybe 2-3 months. And maybe not recover if the stars do not converge.
In our experience, there are almost no such cases when changing URLs would be justified.

Answer 2

Did a migration for a site with a change in structure, moving to a new domain, moving to a new domain with a change in structure. There are both positive and negative experiences of migration.
There were drawdowns, insignificant. But then growth, because new factors were added
. I don’t know your specific case, but I would do migration in such cases:
1) If you need to change the CMS (this reason is the most popular)
2) For the sake of using a new domain containing keywords in the name (on the verge of EMD)
3) For the sake of being able to use keywords in the URL
Migration is comfortable to do if you are not the top, so there are chances that you will improve the position. If you are top, then there are risks of losing positions. You decide.
PS. I worked only with Google, I can’t say how things are in Yandex.