What algorithm is used to obfuscate one-liners in this way?

Question

Perl

Take the most famous Perl port of Barmin's patch:

perl -e '$??s:;s:s;;$?::s;;=]=>%-{<-|}<&|`{;;y; -/:[email protected][-`{-};`-{/" -;;s;;$_;see'

I read explanations of how the above was translated into the desired patch, but did not understand what the algorithm is. Maybe there is a dictionary?
I'm just interested in the possibility of translating ordinary code into an obfuscated form.
Perl, however, I'm not going to learn. I need this for use in a project in another language.