ValidationException vs CustomException?

Question

Laravel

Hello. I write in laravel, SPA.
Actually, I translate all exceptions into my own, inheriting ApiException. I display them in json with id, meta parameters.
The site has a chat. The user sends a message and it is validated by the validator, and then some custom checks are added. How should it all be?
The options I could come up with, but I suspect there are others:
1, like now) ->validate everything you can and then add custom checks, throwing an ApiException if something is wrong. As a result, two different types of errors come out: id: validation_exception, where errors are indicated in meta by the field name immediately in the translation, and id: some_custom_error_name, where nothing is indicated in meta at all.
2) ->validate only basic things, such as bail required type, and everything else, including, for example, the maximum message length - in custom
Is there any centralized, correct solution? The front on Vue, the entire SPA site, I would also like to have translations on the front