Ubuntu intermittently crashing?

Question

ubuntu

Ubuntu 18.04 config i5-2550k, 16gb ddr3, mother P8Z77-V LK, gtx 960, hitachi 2tb, SEAGATE 1tb.
One PC has two hard drives, one for Windows, the other for Ubuntu. About half a year ago I installed ubuntu for the first time (needed for work) and used it perfectly until not long ago. Immediately after the new year, I go to U, I work. All of a sudden, all but two shortcuts disappear and the computer hangs. Reboot leads to a black screen and the inscription fsck status code 12. Restoring the hard did not work. I went to buy a new HDD for 1tb + two ddr3 scarves of 8gb each. Reinstalled U worked for three days and today I have already caught three of the same cases, one to one. The only computer after a reboot almost always immediately started without errors, for the first time I just wrote EXT4-fs error sdb1 and then started. But Windows is stable. Therefore, I assume this is either a sata hose, or a power hose, or a sata socket on the mother, or the hard itself. There is no overheating, the power supply is normal 600 watts .... I just don't understand, what else could it be? Any ideas? By the way, the last crash was not like everyone else, again there were two shortcuts left, the cursor became like a clock, then it drooped, but the floor of the interface disappeared and the off buttons were not visible, but if you click in that place, the window about the reboot / off appears. This morning when I logged in after entering the password again a black screen and went to spam EXT4-fs error sdb1

Answer 1

Connect the hard drive to another SATA port on the motherboard. If that doesn't help, change the SATA cable. But most likely the problem is with the port on the motherboard.
To be quiet (well... relatively quiet) about the state of your hard drive, install the smartmontools package, and run smartctl from the command line (check the man page for options) to view SMART.
It will not be superfluous to start testing the RAM for a day.
PS If you put /var/log (or the whole /var) on another physical disk, then there will be a chance to find out what the system itself thinks about all this.