Tasks for benchmarking?

Question

Programming languages

I want to benchmark several programming languages ​​in order to determine how fast they work and how much memory programs in these languages ​​eat. To make everything fair, I want to use as many tasks as possible for testing - both typical for these languages, and not so much. What tasks would you use?
That is, I want to be given more names of problems here like “solving Sudoku”, “multiplying 1000 x 1000 matrices”, “search in a file using regular expressions”, “draw the Mandelbrot set”, “exponentiation of large numbers” , “filling and balancing a binary tree”, etc., preferably with links to examples of implementations. The more tasks, the better. Then I plan to hang a survey in order to select the TOP 10 tasks according to the habrausers.
Please refrain from commenting that in most languages ​​you can use optimized C ++ modules and in general the speed of the program does not depend so much on the language, but on the speed of the network / disk, the compiler / interpreter used and the ability to prepare this language.

Answer 1

shootout.alioth.debian.org/

Answer 2

Take popular JS benchmarks and rewrite them in other languages. There is cryptography, and matrices, and what else is not there ...
SunSpider
V8

Answer 3

When researching problems of this kind, I started with a classic bechmark collection site:
www.netlib.org/benchmark/
Code samples are available, there are a lot of comments in the code.