Targeted advertising like magic?

Question

Internet advertising

Hello! A very strange situation has arisen. As you probably know, VKontakte shows ads (on the left, in the corner). Recently, they started advertising a coffee shop for me, let's call it "X". Moreover, only X ads (90%) are shown, and everything can be said. The option "Put adBlock and forget it" is not suitable for me. Want to figure it out. I am interested in the very frequent advertising of coffee shop X in vk.com. I bought coffee there once. My assumptions about the mechanism of targeted advertising or how I could have slept:
1. By means of free WiFi, and maybe even MiTM!
But the problem is that I have an ancient phone, in which there is not even a hint of a WiFi module.
2. Through VKontakte friends who have already slept in front of advertisers.
I'm not sure that advertising can be targeted in this way. I am pretty sure that not a single friend of mine has been to coffee shop X and is not associated with it.
3. When filling out questionnaires, surveys and other crap, directly at the institution.
I just walked in, bought a coffee and left without giving any details at all.
4. Through the visited website of the coffee shop.
There really is one, but I never went to it, not from any place.
5. Through third parties who have a list of the person's preferences, scorched earlier on the net.
I am not a coffee lover at all, I am not a member of any VKontakte publics, open groups, forums, profile sites dedicated to coffee.
I am familiar with the principles of online security and try not to click anywhere, I use strong passwords, I always climb sites using https, if available, and I don’t understand at all HOW?
How did they even find out about me and find my vk account? Surveillance cameras ? So hardcore? Or am I missing something basic? I repeat, I’m not a coffee lover at all, I went in once and now the ad has been hanging for a month, it doesn’t bother me, I’m just very interested in the mechanisms of modern advertising)

Answer 1

Well, it would be logical to provide a link to your account so that you can determine by what principle you were targeted, for example, you live in that area, or you graduated from school next to a coffee shop, or you are a member of some thematic group, well, or you don’t live in Moscow and got into the target group and you have not a thousand coffee shops in the city, but some hundred or so.