Strange PC behavior on Android debugging via USB. How to fix?

Question

Android

One day, the ability to debug Android devices on a PC disappeared. I thought for a long time why and how, different phones, but the result is the same, just connecting to a computer, no requests for permission (on the phone), or showing the device in browser://inspect/#devices. As a result, I accidentally discovered that if you start android studio, the phone immediately starts asking for permission and it becomes visible in browser://inspect/#devices.
Who knows what is the reason for this behavior and how to fix it so that you can debug without running android studio?
ps in USB Safely Remove noticed in the hidden "ADB Interface"

Answer 1

The problem was solved as follows: 1. Added the path to sdk \ platform-tools
to the Path system variable (System Information -> Advanced System Settings -> Environment Variables) 2. Went to the command line (Win + R -> cmd) and entered adb devices Terminal issued:

List of devices attached
* daemon not running. starting it now at tcp:5037 *
* daemon started successfully *

And the smartphone immediately requested permission to connect to a PC and appeared in browser://inspect/#devices