Should I raise a mail server? Or use Gmail?

Question

Mail server

The main question is in the title. But there are a couple of other minor issues. It is necessary for me that the mail server was accessible from the outside on a web muzzle. How to organize it?
1) I know that a white static address is needed for the mail server. Question: is it necessary to directly connect the provider's cable to the network card of the computer with the mail server? Or is it possible to forward the port on the router?
2) Do you have a computer with a dns server, do you need to register a domain?
3) Do I need to register the reverse zone with the provider and spf too?
4) Where should the record mx and A be written?

Answer 1

1) It's enough to forward ports
2) I prefer to use Yandex's free DNS
3) -
4) On DNS
Again, do not take it for advertising, Google has become paid, as far as I know, but Yandex is free. Judging by the question, you have a domain and you want mail :)
Register your domain on Yandex and get free DNS + mail with the Yandex web face. I am completely satisfied!

Answer 2

You will get a much better result if you use Google Apps, https://pdd.yandex.ru/ or https://biz.mail.ru/ and use step-by-step instructions, because now you need to know a lot of nuances in order to properly configure your email server.

Answer 3

1) I know that a white static address is needed for the mail server. Question: is it necessary to directly connect the provider's cable to the network card of the computer with the mail server? Or is it possible to forward the port on the router?

You won't be able to set up a mail server at home. All letters from such a server, with a probability of 99%, will fall into spam. Because home users often breed viruses that use free resources to send spam. As a result, all home networks are in various black lists.
Probably you need some text address, like [email protected] And the address is a domain indicating mx records. So yes, you need it.
You need both, otherwise the letters may go to be perceived as spam. At least that's how it was when I raised my mail server (6 years ago).
In the dns server that is responsible for your domain.
In general, the easiest option is to use mail for the domain.

Answer 4

It's not that hard to set up a mail server, as a number of speakers here claim. In general, if you don’t care that a “potential adversary” can read office mail, then you can use public services - Google, Yandex, whatever. Personally, I prefer mail to go through my own server.
1) Forward the port is enough.
2) The domain must be registered in any case, whether you have your own DNS server or not. Somehow, the mail should come to you from the outside? And for this it is necessary that the domain name and MX records are publicly available.
3) It is obligatory to prescribe the reverse zone, otherwise there will be constant problems with the fact that mail from you will not be accepted by addressees in other domains. SPF - too should be obligatory. The reverse zone must be asked to register your provider, and SPF must be registered on the publicly accessible DNS server where you delegate your domain name.
4) MX and A must be written in the same place as SPF :-) You register a domain and delegate it to some DNS server. You can raise your own, you can use the DNS servers of the registrar (as a rule, domain name registrars provide this opportunity, and some even for free if you register a domain with them).

Answer 5

In the 2000s, I set up a mail server on my hardware based on Qmail, some kind of web muzzle was screwed to it, and Windows-based servers also have built-in ones.
1. Will work with forwarding.
2. The domain is just needed for the mail server to work, what is your DNS server? You can register your domain and hang it on Yandex DNS, it will be more reliable and free.
3. It must be registered on the same server where the domain is registered.
4. On the DNS server.

Answer 6

3) the reverse zone - not necessarily, spf and dkim - it's better to do it, even with Yandex mail, there is less chance of getting into spam. The reverse zone also reduces the chance of getting into the trash.
Well, I support about Yandex mail - up to 1000 mailboxes, antispam, web muzzle, by the way, also a gabber, if the dns is configured correctly.

Answer 7

I don’t agree with the account of the mail server at home on an external ip for individuals, it will work absolutely calmly and fully, even though kerio at least eXchange, as well as letters will run absolutely normally in both directions, and regardless of the OS on the PC

Answer 8

use Gmail or Google Apps for Work if for a company.