Should I make a multilingual site on subdomains or not?

Question

Search Engine Optimization

Hello.
I plan to make a multilingual service. There are several questions:
1. From the point of view of seo, which is better - a multilingual site on subdomains (each language is a subdomain) or the domain remains one, but the language is added to the url?
2. By php - what are the options? Suppose there are many languages, in each entity (table) adding a field with a translation for each column seems to be a very bad option.
Should I create a separate database for each new language?
Who knows how it works in Magento 2? Somehow I worked with the admin panel, I remember that there are many languages ​​there, while almost all settings can be different in different locales (website language).

Answer 1

For SEO, there is no difference, you can see this by reading Google's recommendations on multilingualism. In Yandex, the situation is the same, whether it will be a separate domain, subdomain or folder - it doesn’t matter.
On my multi-regional site, which works worldwide in 15 languages, I divided the language versions into folders, since this option was the most convenient. Different domains are really suitable only for a branded business, if you have an information site, then this is completely unnecessary.
Do not forget to correctly implement the indication of language versions using hreflang
As for the implementation, it depends on many factors, but in general it is better not to produce databases, but to separate classifiers.
For implementation in magento 2, read this article on HabréHow to deal with multilingualism in Magento 2

Answer 2

2. By php - what are the options?

Learn the basic tools. See how localization is done in SonataAdmin (this is the admin panel for Symfony projects). What you suggested is very bad.

Answer 3

Is it not fashionable to read recommendations ps?
By entities: as an option, the id of the group of objects and the id of the language for each entry are written in the database. That is, for each object there will be records equal to the number of languages ​​in the system.

Answer 4

1. The language is added to the url.

Answer 5

I know that more than a year ago there were answers, but nevertheless.
On Modx, I did it on subdomains, en.site.ru, ua.site.ru, and the main language on site.ru and it turned out to be quite simple and convenient.