Problem installing Ubuntu, most likely related to gdm and lightdm?

Question

linux

Good evening! I decided to learn linux, Ubuntu was chosen as the first distribution.
Here is the order of my actions and the consequences:
Installed ubuntu 14.04 lts. The video card driver was installed from an unofficial repository, but the driver version is the one listed on the official Nvidia website. Installed gnome-shell and gnome-shell-desktop. During installation I chose gnome display manager to use by default. For some reason, it did not suit me, and I set about trying to remove it. Used remove, autoremove, purge gnome-shell commands. It was impossible to remove it completely, and here I made a fatal mistake, namely:
sudo apt-get remove gnome*
After that, the system began to slow down terribly and soon hung. I tried to reboot. But after a short boot of ubuntu, a black screen came out. Reinstalling the system from a USB flash drive did not work, also a black screen after the purple boot of ubuntu. Through the console, I tried to return everything back. Entered the following commands:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity-greeter
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome

Now ubuntu has booted up and I can login to my account. Now here's what:

You can't write anything in the terminal, it doesn't seem to work, just like the appearance settings menu.
And most importantly, reinstalling does not work. Still the same black screen. I apologize for the long text, I wanted to immediately write everything in detail. I ask for help, can anyone come across such a problem?

Answer 1

sudo apt-get remove gnome*

And the truth was a mistake.
Apparently, it should have demolished you, including the ubuntu-desktop package, if you return it to its place, most of the necessary should return.
Regarding the terminal - Ctrl + Alt + F1 (as well as 2, 3 .. 6), and here is the terminal for you. If the graphics does not load at all - when booting into GRUB, select additional options, there is a recovery mode. Boot, select root, then:
to put the root file system into write mode, and you can set it, you may optionally need to turn on the network:

service neworking start
service network-manager start

Why did you install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS? What did not fit 14.10? You can also install 15.04, it has a release on the 23rd.
Of the unofficial repositories for graphics, I would recommend either xorg-edgers or oibaf - both ppa.