Patches and caching?

Question

Programming

Hello!
Help with the answer, please, to the following two questions:
1. Where can I find information on how to write / create patches? How are they installed?
2. Where can I find information about caching methods when creating an application in various languages ​​and platforms?
Thank you.
Sincerely.

Answer 1

1. From what I've seen, a patch is just a package that replaces / edits application files (it is known in advance in which directories they are stored). On ubuntu this is solved by debian packages, on other Linux packages by their manager, on Windows it is msi , on poppies it is dmg
2. wiki + frameworks, for example memcached , encache

Answer 2

1) If we are talking about code patches, then most likely you are not working alone, if you are not working alone, then you just need a version control system, such as GIT. In it, by the way, these same patches are very simply created and applied.
git apply < example.patch
2) We have already written about caching above, I will add that there are different cache levels, the cache of the application itself, the server cache, the browser cache, for example. Each context uses its own tools.