No sound in Ubuntu 16.04 LTE. How to solve the problem?

Question

linux

Good day to all.
I decided to give up Windows. On a laptop, I tested different builds of linux. Decided to stick with Ubuntu 18.04. I installed the system on my stationary computer, updated it, rebooted and ... there is no sound. I searched the net for various solutions to the problem and found nothing. I tried to switch to Linux mint 19.1, then to Ubuntu 16.04 LTE... And everywhere the same result.
Moreover, in all three cases, the sound after installation was, but after installing updates and rebooting, it disappeared dead. The microphone is also not recognized and is silent ...
When I open pavucontrol, I see the following: Which indicates that there is sound somewhere. But obviously not in my speakers. Via alsamixer

, where everything is unscrewed as it should, I see the following:

The system unit is old. I come to the conclusion that the problem is probably in the driver of the integrated sound card. Not sure about this, but nothing else comes to mind.
Tell me please, is this the case? And how to return the sound?

Answer 1

Such a question, did you delete Windu? It just happens if being in Windows and rebooting the computer has problems with sound. If you turn it off, then everything appears when Lin is loaded. On laptops, it happens that there is sound in the headphones but does not go to the speakers.

Answer 2

Click on the green checkmark next to "Embedded Audio" in pavucontrol to set the playback device.
Now you have sound going to the HDMI output...