Laying twisted pair cable in a new building. How right?

Question

Telephony

Hello. Our organization was "given away" a building without windows, doors or repairs in general. The repair was done, the question arose about the arrangement of jobs and summing up the twisted pair cable.
The contractor rolled out the project with the supply of 2 (two) wires to the workplace, from the server room. That is, we have ~ 80 jobs and it is proposed to have ~ 160 tails in the server room.
I suggested that they put managed switches at several points in the building and bring 10 ends into the server room, scatter them on the switches into different VLANs (computers and telephony), because the servers are different anyway.
Accordingly, their estimate includes 7 km of twisted pair, in my alteration 1 km 300m.
Of course, they applauded me and said that it was ok.
When the installation began, I happened to be there and talked to the installers, it turns out they are working on the original project and spreading 7 km of twisted pair cable.
I went to the authorities with this question, they told me that everything was thought out by professionals, and since I suggested, it can’t be done according to standards ...
By what standards no one knows, but it’s impossible.
In general, good people, tell the kettle by what standards such a connection is regulated.
And what is wrong in my scheme.
PS: I did not expect that the question would cause so many negative comments in my address. Questions are generally asked not for approval, but for the acceptance of information from a more experienced person in this matter.
Thanks to those who took it right and gave links to documentary sources.

Answer 1

Bah, you came up with idiocy, and they didn’t let it into production, praise your opponents !
Do you understand that additional switches + cabinets + UPSs cost more than a few KM of a whirlpool?
That they will reduce bandwidth, to combat which you will have to build a backbone network already on optics, which, as a result, will be another plus to the same km of optics.
That it is easier to serve one aggregation node than a network of nodes?
What with this option, you will not start up analog telephony just in any way?
Flip through standard

Answer 2

Don't try to save other people's money, you still won't get anything.

Answer 3

And what is wrong in my scheme.

Scheme :)
You immediately impose a bandwidth limit on yourself and a noticeable increase in the cost of the scheme in general. This is done when there is no physical possibility to fit all jobs from one point - if the building is long, if laying wires is impossible, for example, because of clogged horseradish knows what little points ...
You can’t just hang a switch in the corridor - everyone knows that :) Therefore you need a wall cabinet and an upsnik (we multiply by the number of switches and add it to the estimate).
Any switch is a bandwidth limit - because 24 wires entered it, one came out, through which the wholetraffic. That is, in order not to slow down the network, you need to lay optics between switches (we add to the estimate the cost of an optical cable, the cost of its installation, welding, the cost of SFP for switches and multiply by the number of switches)
N switches are N upsniks for them and N batteries in upsnikov . And the constant problem "and do not forget to check the battery, otherwise it will not turn on again if the power goes out."
Another such thing as telephony. It is now digital for everyone and it doesn’t matter where the telephone is, where the automatic telephone exchange is. But if you are unlucky and you have an ordinary analog PBX (and ordinary analog phones) - will you pull telephone noodles in parallel? Analog PBX involves only connecting the phone to the PBX without intermediaries :)
Installation of support switches is always a compromise solution, which is made out of hopelessness, and not out of saving wires.

Answer 4

From my experience, I can say that NEVER the planned number (and location) of connections did not coincide with what came out in the end. "Here Mary Ivanna will sit, and here Roza Lvovna - two sockets will be enough." As a result, Mary Ivanna, Roza Lvovna, Pyotr Ilyich, Fariza Makhmudovna and Svetochka with Marinochka are sitting. And with a sigh and mental curses at the "owl-effective leader", you sculpt an uncontrollable dlink for 5-8 ports, which, moreover, Svetochka or Marinochka (or maybe Fariza Makhmudovna) periodically turn off to boil the seagull. Therefore, I either do it according to the scheme as the author of the topic (1/10 Gbit switch per room / floor / wing, depending on the size), or, if I pull it to one point, then with a margin of at least a third of the planned, or even half . Yes, according to any sanitary pins, a certain number of square meters is supposed to be there for one person. m. and based on this, you can fairly accurately estimate the required number of points, but this is far from always observed and one must be prepared for this.

Answer 5

You are a single point of network control and physical. You smear access to it around the building. It's not goo.

Answer 6

Everything you've been told is correct.
There are standards, we read GOST R 53246-2008 Information Technology (IT). ... .
Just MANDATORY at least two sockets

All workplaces must be built around at least two telecommunications outlets served by two horizontal subsystem cables:

At the expense of splitting the cable subsystem into several switching / telematics cabinets, everything is also correct. If there is enough cable length (within 100 meters), which is 160 pieces easier to make one switching and one telematics cabinet, especially since, taking into account the distance, you have only 43 meters per outlet, taking into account the slopes, and there’s not a damn thing to cut the cable succeed. Moreover, it will be necessary to start up optics from the cabinets, and not one fiber, but at least 4 (and preferably two cables of 4 each), unwrap it and occupy separate units for crosses. With optics, the project will become more complicated.
Now, if there were 300-1000 ends, then we could talk about something.

Answer 7

Here they gave a link to only one Russian standard dedicated to design. To complete the picture, there is another one - about editing.
GOST R 53245-2008 “Information technologies. System...
Offer the person in charge to accept work in accordance with this GOST.

Answer 8

It depends on how resource-intensive clients are, if the standard set of skype / gmail / document transfer is then the point in optics? quite a gigabit lan would be enough from switches to a server room.