Knowledge for a young information security specialist: operating systems?

Question

Information Security

Good afternoon.
I would like to make a "to do list" of knowledge and skills that are necessary for a young information security specialist (computer and network security areas) to be a "universal soldier" so that there is something to start a career with.
Initially, there was a very extensive question, but I decided to follow the rules as much as possible and divided it into 8 parts.
This is the first question, according to it I will correct how to ask the next ones and whether it is worth doing it at all.
Jobs often require knowledge of operating systems. Mostly Windows (user and server) and Unix. There is also such a phrase as "knowledge at the administrator level".
What operating systems does a young information security specialist need to know and what knowledge and skills are needed to meet the level of "administrator"?

Answer 1

built-in OS tools and their capabilities

Answer 2

Question from the category: I want to become a general. What general courses are worth attending?
To become the wife of a general, you need to marry a lieutenant and spend 20 years with him around the garrison.

Answer 3

the question is certainly interesting! the first answer was short, but it showed your interest quite a bit! and so I want to say that for this it is worth unlearning in this specialty!
There are a lot of skills and concepts you need to have to work in this area!
In general, this is a whole specialty .. "information security technician" is how it is called in the Republic of Kazakhstan anyway!
Learn! Teachings - Light!

Answer 4

The main areas of technical protection: administration (system administrator, you need to be able to maintain the infrastructure in working condition, knowledge of network technologies, administration of Windows and Unix); installation and configuration of protection tools (you need to go to companies that sell these solutions and gain experience there); protection against leaks through technical channels (very high and expensive level of protection), penetration tests. It is not recommended to be a generalist)
About the administrator: he is responsible for infrastructure maintenance, must be able to work with software (installation, uninstallation, updating), configure anti-virus protection, backup, data destruction, work with networks, configure password policies, maintain computers, servers, etc. equipment. In fact, he is not a security officer, but a technical specialist. Information security specialists decide what and how to buy and according to what rules to set up, the administrator carries out their instructions (if the organization is engaged in security).
The information security specialist himself must know the basics in all technical areas and be able to work with the law.

Answer 5

If we take OS security as a basis, you need to turn to primary sources and understand the device itself and the philosophy of the operating system. For Windows, everything is not so difficult - the whole story begins with M. Russinovich and his books on the device of Windows, guidelines for domain settings and domain policies, then you can expand it with various baselines from Microsoft itself, well, you need to fix it with articles on trehunting and vulnerability reports . In unix systems, everything is much more complicated, because there you need to understand how the kernel works, here each distribution kit is unique in terms of security.