If I connect a 16:10 monitor to a 16:9 laptop, is it possible to distort or reduce readability?

Question

Monitors

I think to take the screen 16:9 or 16:10

Answer 1

If it works in mirror mode, there will be distortion due to different native resolutions of monitors. However, this applies not so much to the format as to the resolution of the screens. But this use case is very rare.
If you work with two independent monitors (desktop extension on two monitors), then no problem. In this case, take whichever one you like / fits.