How will name resolution work if there is no DNS on the network?

Question

Domain Name System

I more or less understand how DNS works and keep one in AD in my zoo, but I rarely encounter setup from scratch. For your understanding, the question is: If there is no DNS server on the local network, including disconnected on the router, while we registered the DNS provider from the computer. Will the name google.com resolve to an IP address and vice versa? I can’t describe to myself step by step what will happen, a lot of blind spots in knowledge.
Forgot about AD, only one workstation (rm) at home windows10 + router with DNS server turned off and a registered DNS provider on a Windows 10 workstation.
In theory, as I assume:
1) with rm we are looking in the local DNS cache - no data
2) with rm looking through the root DNS - the question is, can a client computer immediately contact the root, how can it be without a DNS server?
3) with rm we are looking for a provider through the DNS - the question is similar to 2, that is, what and to whom and in what form the provider's DNS will return

Answer 1

Will.
the search order starts a little earlier -
jumping over the dns cache and NetBIOS by jumping over the dns cache and NetBIOS then accessing the specified DNS (for example, provider, Yandex, Google, etc.)
the rest is not the computer's concern - if the specified DNS does not have information - it will ask at the higher ones, up to the root ones, then it will respond and at the same time cache for subsequent requests.

Answer 2

There will be a search in the cache, then an appeal to the provider's DNS, which is registered in the configuration. It will return the answer from its cache, or recursively, which is no longer important to the client.
DNS, it's not DHCP, it doesn't matter to him what network the DNS server is on, just to know its IP and there would be a route to it. If you register, not the provider's server, but some Google 8.8.8.8, then nothing will change for the client except the response time, if the provider does not cut DNS queries, of course.