How will a VPN save people from the Iron Curtain?

Question

VPN

Now a project is being implemented to separate the Runet from the global network. Under each post on vc.ru, habr, etc. they say - "I raised the VPN and I'm not afraid of anything." But doesn't a VPN run over the Internet? As far as is known, providers will have special equipment that will track traffic. Will they not be able to track that some user is asking for a prohibited resource? After all, if a person has connected a VPN, the traffic will still go through the provider. How does it all work? I would be grateful for links or just comments if it can be explained in 2 words

Answer 1

V (irtual) - that is, physically non-existent
P (rivate) - private, that is, the contents of which are not available to an external observer
N (etwork) - network - the union of several computers.
For the ugliness of the times of Roskomnadzor, this is usually your computer (router) and a VPN server in Zabugoria. The essence of this ugliness is that a "pipe" is formed between your router and VPN - a channel closed by means of encryption (no way to tie it together), which is opaque from the outside and all traffic (or not all, but only some) is wrapped in this "pipe". And the server you're connecting to thinks you're from Holland, for example.
But this will not save you from the Iron Curtain in any way - as always, IT is trying to solve the administrative problem with technical means.
Part of the VPN protocols is easily detected - by ports, by the specifics of packets, by addressing "over the hill". The rest will choke simply on the fact of encryption - if your destination is over the hill and the traffic is encrypted - then be kind, either hand over the certificate to someone who knows where, so that it can be decrypted, or break off. Not yet, but it will be.
And VPN nerds are accelerating the fall of the iron curtain.
UPD: And we will not implement the Chinese scheme (smart filter), but the North Korean one (white list).

Answer 2

Encryption in the VPN tunnel has not been canceled, and with a competent implementation of the VPN channel, it is not possible to decrypt the data from the tunnel, what requests go there and where. Your question was born out of a misunderstanding of what vpn is and how it actually works. There is only one way to destroy and ban vpn - to physically turn off the entire Internet in the country, or rather the channels leading over the hill. But even China with its great firewall did not go for this, and vpn still hasn’t gone anywhere, Chinese anonymous users use it safely.