How to restore database from /var/lib/mysql?

Question

MySQL

I already found this question
. We also uploaded a folder and are trying to start an old database. In the table, indexes of fields, etc. are visible, but some tables do not open.
The problem is that /etc/init.d/mysql restart deletes /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock.
I recreate it with handles, as it is said there, when I restart, it immediately disappears from the folder and as a result an error. That is, stuck on point c

lsof: status error on /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock: No such file or directory
lsof 4.86

spoiler

ERROR: 1064  You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ALTER TABLE user ADD column Show_view_priv enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT ' at line 1
151124  1:48:05 [ERROR] Aborting
ERROR: 1050  Table 'plugin' already exists
151124  1:48:10 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Incorrect information in file: './mysql/tables_priv.frm'
ERROR: 1033  Incorrect information in file: './mysql/tables_priv.frm'
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:54:29 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:54:30 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:54:31 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:54:31 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:54:31 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:54:31 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:55:46 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Incorrect information in file: './mysql/tables_priv.frm'
ERROR: 1033  Incorrect information in file: './mysql/tables_priv.frm'
151124 13:55:46 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:55:46 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:55:46 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:55:46 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:55:46 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:55:47 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:55:48 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:55:48 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:55:48 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:55:48 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Incorrect information in file: './mysql/tables_priv.frm'
ERROR: 1033  Incorrect information in file: './mysql/tables_priv.frm'
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:58:54 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Aborting
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
151124 13:58:55 [ERROR] Aborting
ERROR: 1064  You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ALTER TABLE user ADD column Show_view_priv enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT ' at line 1
151124 14:00:48 [ERROR] Aborting
ERROR: 1050  Table 'plugin' already exists
151124 14:00:52 [ERROR] Aborting

Answer 1

read logs.
PS. I read documentation aloud. Expensive. Prepayment.
And formulate questions correctly. You can restore the database from a dump. And /var/lib/mysql is not dumps. This is the working base.
I hope they copied it at least from a turned off server ...

Answer 2

Are the permissions on /var/lib/mysql set correctly?
Is there anything else besides this error?
cat /var/log/mysql/error.log |grep ERROR