How to properly configure cache on nginx?

Question

Nginx

Colleagues, hello!
I'm trying to set up a normal cache. I have one location that checks if a file exists in a folder and (if not) redirects to a named location (the one with @). Named location makes proxy_pass to nodejs server. I would like all files that came with nodejs to be cached. But only files (js/css). Is there any adequate way to set such a limit? proxy_cache_bypass looks like what you need, but it's not clear how to set it up.
An example of how I set it up now will be in the spoiler below. With these settings, nginx does not save the cache in /var/cache/nginx at all, and when you try to load it, it swears that the file is not in /usr/share/nginx/html/.

Current settings (does not work)

proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=2 keys_zone=pagecache:5m inactive=10m max_size=50m;

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name domain.ru;

  proxy_cache_bypass 1;

  location ~(\.js|\.css)$ {
    proxy_cache_bypass 0;
  }

  location / {
    root lp;
    rewrite ^(/pricing|/contacts)/?(.*) /$2 break;
    
    proxy_cache pagecache;
    proxy_cache_valid 10m;

    try_files $uri/index.html $uri @custom;
  }

  location @custom {
    proxy_pass http://ru_backend;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
  }
}

Answer 1

proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=2 keys_zone=pagecache:5m inactive=10m max_size=50m;

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name domain.ru;

  root /var/www/html;

  rewrite ^/(pricing|contacts)/?(.*) /$2;

  location ~ \.(js|css)$ {
    try_files $uri @custom_cache;
  }

  location / {
    try_files $uri/index.html $uri @custom;
  }
  
  location @custom {
    proxy_pass http://ru_backend;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
  }
  
  location @custom_cache {
    proxy_cache pagecache;
    proxy_cache_valid 10m;
    proxy_pass http://ru_backend;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
  }
}