How to parse JSON file with variable data structure?

Question

Python

How to deal with JSON objects when they are of variable type?

For example, I want to find all links in the export of the chat log from TELEGRAM, where "text" is either just a string, or a list, inside of which there is a dictionary.

How to nicely and intelligently access the value of a dictionary that contains a reference?

My problem is that if I try to iterate over "text" as a list, there will be errors because sometimes it doesn't have a list.
You can of course suppress errors, but this is also not correct IMHO.

code sketch with crutches (error suppression, list item hardcoded):

import json

json_str = '''
[
  {
   "id": 5,
   "type": "message",
   "date": "2019-01-02T12:05:43",
   "from": "nik",
   "from_id": 12457887,
   "text": "hi!"
  },
  {
   "id": 6,
   "type": "message",
   "date": "2019-01-02T12:05:45",
   "from": "nik2",
   "from_id": 22457877,
   "text": [
    "hi tyt info!",
    {
     "type": "link",
     "text": "https://telegra.ph/film-05-01"
    },
    ""
   ]
  }
]
'''

json_data = json.loads(json_str)

for stroka in json_data:
    http_data = stroka['text']
    try:
        print(http_data[1]['text']) # тут номер [1] элемента со ссылкой в списке думаю может меняться, придется перебирать все элементы?
    except:
        pass

ps Of course, you can consider the entire json file as one big line and pull out the data using string methods or regular expressions, but this is a terrible crutch, I want to figure out how to use data structures in json'ne.

Answer 1

To check types of the necessary data?

for stroka in json_data:
    http_data = stroka['text']
    
    if isinstance(http_data, list):
        for chunk in http_data:
            if isinstance(chunk, dict):
                print(chunk.get('text'))

Answer 2

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