How to make a home server from an old computer?

Question

linux

Hello. There is an old computer.
For the sake of practice, I want to make a server out of it. Just practice, learn, be able in the end.
When installing, I will be guided by these articles:
http://wiki.vdsplanet.ru/Preparing_server_to_work_-...
sc-software.ru/gotovim-server-k-rabote-debianubuntu
Worth debian 8.
Now questions.
1. How to make a static ip on linux? On Windows, I read how, but I didn’t find anything sensible about Linux.
2. What will happen if the server has a dynamic ip?
3. After the server is ready. Will I be able to create a site on it, with different ip? That is, it is clear that I can put a site on it, but what if each site had a different ip?
4. What else would you advise to consider when setting up a server?
5. Is this a whole dedicated server?

Answer 1

Have you thought about reading the official documentation?
This one, for example?

Answer 2

I'm not an expert, but I know a couple of answers for sure.
There will be a kapets :) Since the server must have a static address.
No, because within one server there should be only 1 IP.
Solution: Put a board on 2 ethernet and then share.

Answer 3

1. It to provider, IP is bought/rented and the server clings to a separate vitukha. On DHCP will pick up an IP address and there will be norms. Nothing needs to be configured.
2. Well, this is no longer a server))).
3. This is a hemorrhoid, without practical need, I do not advise you to rack your brains over this.
4. Backups, backups and more backups. I do not advise installing Ubuntu, I will advise Debian. With ubuntu, you can grab a crap in the future. Good old debian is simpler and more reliable. In general, I advise https://www.howtoforge.com/perfect-server-debian-w.... It's NGINX, not Apache. More advice ladies. If the "server" drags hardware virtualization, roll server 2012 or win 8/7 there --- raise HYPER-V there and stir up a virtual machine in it (you can do more than one), deploy it on it. Oddly enough, performance will increase, and it’s convenient to roll back with snapshots if you messed up something).
According to the link, I advise you with all my might), it will turn out like a cannon).

Answer 4

1. File - /etc/network/interfaces
Wiki example:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.0.2.7
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.0.2.254
https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkConfiguration#Setti...
2. Absolutely nothing will happen if you do not plan to put it on the Internet.
3. What does the expression - sites with different ip mean? Are you going to open it up? Have you bought a whole pool of ip addresses? What is the purpose of this event?
4. Learn basic things - like what is DNS. Well, mana-helps for their distribution - above, I gave you a link on the Wiki native.

Answer 5

Based on my experience and a whole family of home servers (3pcs)
Through interfaces, we have already described how, but my personal opinion is that you don’t need to do this, it’s enough to register on the router by MAC address.
I would also not recommend raising a DHCP server on it, since in the process of experiments you will crash it anyway and while you restore it you will sit without a network or reconfigure the router.
Before you connect to it, you will calculate its IP :) And then, if you have Samba, for example, how do you set up automatic mounting on a desktop computer and all the related problems.
No. One interface, one IP. Put a second card, but in any case, this will only work for the local network, since the provider, by default, provides you with only one IP address, in addition, if the provider's IP is dynamic or gray, you will have to use DynDNS or something like that for access from the Internet.
I would advise you to first, clearly outline the purpose of the server for yourself, think over everything that you want to achieve from it, then practice in a virtual machine. Otherwise, you will simply constantly "kill" him, because, as far as I understand, you have no experience.
Something like that, only the performance will not be server-like at all, if you, of course, have non-server hardware, but it will work for the house.

Answer 6

1. You buy a static ip from the provider
2. You install Linux on the server
3. You install nginx + php-fpm on Linux
4. Forward 80 and 443 ports to the server ip
Profit.web server is ready.