How to fix usb port on macbook?

Question

macOS

One after another, all the usb ports in the MacBook Air 2011 fell off. They fell off due to pulling out the connected device at the time of transmission. Reboot, reset SMC and NVRAM did not help. It seems to be a software error, because usb provides power to the device, and also in the console an attempt is made to initialize the device when connected (unsuccessful). Previously, this happened and was solved either by rebooting or resetting the SMC. Connected devices are working. Is there any way to update the drivers without reinstalling the OS?

Answer 1

I restored the USB ports, it turned out that the COM port driver had crashed (I was working with it at the time of the breakdown)? reinstall helped. At the same time, make preboot fixes, as in this link