How to fix incorrect URL processing?

Question

PHP

When accessing a non-existent page with a certain type of URL, in particular if the beginning of the URL is the URL of an existing page, the server responds with 200 (OK) instead of 404 (Not found) and displays the existing page.
Example:
http://bla-bla.ru/article/nazvanie/abrakadabra/
The site uses a bunch of nginx and php-fpm. I suspect that you need to edit the nginx config, but I'm far from an expert in this. The site got a little support and design tweaks. Tell me, please, in which direction to dig? Thanks in advance!
nginx config:

user www-data;
worker_processes  4;

timer_resolution 100ms;
worker_rlimit_nofile 4096;
worker_priority -5; #Увеличитвваем приоритет

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
  use epoll;
}
http {

    server_tokens off;
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log;

    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65000;
    tcp_nodelay        on;
    client_max_body_size 50m;

    gzip        on;
  #gzip_min_length     1100;
    gzip_min_length     512;
    gzip_disable        "msie6";  #Быстрее, но работает только на новых версиях nginx
    #gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";
    gzip_proxied        any;
    gzip_comp_level     5;
    #gzip_types          text/plain application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml text/css;
    gzip_vary           on;
  gzip_buffers 64 8k;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/javascript application/json application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}


server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.bla-bla.ru;
    return 301 http://bla-bla.ru$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name 111.22.333.4;
    return 301 http://bla-bla.ru$request_uri;
}


server {
    listen 80;
    server_name bla-bla.ru;
    #return 301 $scheme://bla-bla.ru$request_uri; 
    server_name 111.22.333.4;
    root /home/hosting/bla-bla.ru/www/;
    index index.php index.htm index.html;
    error_page 404 /404.php;
    error_page 403 /404.php;
    #error_page 403 404;
    access_log /home/hosting/bla-bla.ru/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log /home/hosting/bla-bla.ru/log/nginx/error.log;
  rewrite ^([^.]*[^/])$ $1/ permanent;


    location /r {
        rewrite ^/r/(.*) /r.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /category {
        rewrite ^/category/(.*) /category.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /article {
        rewrite ^/article/(.*) /article.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }
    location /pages {
        rewrite ^/pages/(.*) /pages.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /author {
        rewrite ^/author/(.*) /author.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /user {
        rewrite ^/user/(.*) /user.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /register {
        rewrite ^/register/(.*) /register.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /main {
        rewrite ^/main/(.*) /main.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /profile {
        rewrite ^/profile/(.*) /profile.php?rub=$1; #301 redirect
    }

    location /logout {
        rewrite ^/logout/(.*) /logout.php; #301 redirect
    }


    location ~* ^.+.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|woff)$ {
        access_log        off;
        expires           max;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        # fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
        # fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;

        fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT    /home/hosting/bla-bla.ru/www;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /home/hosting/bla-bla.ru/www$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param  PATH_TRANSLATED  /home/hosting/bla-bla.ru/www$fastcgi_script_name;

        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING     $query_string;
        fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD   $request_method;
        fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE     $content_type;
        fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH   $content_length;
        fastcgi_intercept_errors        on;
        fastcgi_ignore_client_abort     off;
        fastcgi_connect_timeout 60000;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 180000;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 180000;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
        fastcgi_buffers 4 256k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico {
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }

    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }

    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny  all;
    }

    location /phpmyadmin {

        auth_basic "Enter Super Secret password!";
        auth_basic_user_file /home/hosting/.htpasswd;

        root /usr/share/;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        location ~ ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\.php)$ {
            try_files $uri =404;
            root /usr/share/;
            # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename;
            fastcgi_connect_timeout 60000;
            fastcgi_send_timeout 180000;
            fastcgi_read_timeout 180000;

            include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        }
        location ~* ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html|xml|txt))$ {
            root /usr/share/;
        }
    }
    location /phpMyAdmin {
        rewrite ^/* /phpmyadmin last;
    }
}

upstream php {
    server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}

Answer 1

In location / write
try_files $uri $uri/ =404
or so
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args;
}
location "/"
{
index index.php index.html index.htm; # index file
options try_files $uri $uri/ =404; # check if there is a file from the request on the disk, otherwise return a 404 error
}