How is such a high level of compression achieved?

Question

Data archiving

Here, for example , a zip archive weighs 160MB, and when unzipped it is 1.6GB, how is such compression achieved?
upd:
There is a whole operating system in the archive with a bunch of its data, how are they compressed without loss? What to read on this topic?

Answer 1

where did you see the files?
there is also a disk image: look at the size of Debian - 247Mb, it can shrink to 160Mb

Answer 2

There is chaos and there is order.
The more organized information in the files, the more patterns you can calculate and compress them to the level of chaos.
They didn't come up with anything radically new.
You can just look at what's inside the files with any hexview-er - I'm sure there are just files with a bunch of zeros and repetitions of information that were successfully selected.