How is data transferred from bank terminals, ATMs, etc.?

Question

Data transfer

1) Who serves as the provider in this case?
2) Do companies pay for this traffic, or is it provided to them for free?
3) If it's free, then what to read about it, with whom to negotiate, etc.?

Answer 1

So ask this question to the Customer - that is, the bank.

Answer 2

Vituha category 3e and the most banal modem, recently - VDSL / SDSL. In some cases, ordinary telephone noodles, but this is mainly in regional centers. Cables are laid through the hatches by a company licensed for this type of activity, it can be either a telephone / provider company, or just some kind of Svyazstroy LLC.
You need to transfer little data, just the channel is encrypted, and so the most common V.34 / V.90 dial-up modem copes. All lines lead to the central branch of the bank. That is, within the city, the bank itself acts as a provider for itself. In rare cases, a dedicated channel is bought from a provider when the cost of servicing a particular cable line is equal to or exceeds the purchase of a similar channel from a provider. GPRS/3G is used as a backup connection. In the case of organizing a connection such as a city-district center, the bank, of course, turns to providers.
Terminals in supermarkets are connected using a GSM modem or noodles. The cable line in this case belongs to telephone operators. The supermarket pays the telephone company for cable maintenance (if the GSM channel is then OpSoSu), for everything else it pays its bank.