How is an ISP network organized?

Question

System administration

Let's say we ran a fiber optic cable from one city to a neighboring town, and then how is the network built? What equipment and which manufacturers are most often used? I couldn't find any detailed information on google.
Why know? I'm just wondering why something always breaks at my provider and at the most crucial moment I am left without the Internet.

Answer 1

What they break - no one will tell you.
It seems so to you, I see such people every day.
You either agree and endure, or choose another provider.
If the provider is not a fool, in the contract with you he can make a maximum recalculation for the time when there was no Internet.
I'll give you advice, it's better to decide everything on friendly terms. Then you will find out from the company what really happened and your problem will be solved faster. The Slavic people are so used to it. Familiarity, good relations solve the problem faster than you will yell at them, and they pretend that they happen to you.
And the reasons can be completely different:
- perhaps a link from a big city does not come to your small one
- perhaps a young admin is also training right away on combat vehicles
- perhaps there is no agreement in the work of the team, and someone putting something - breaks another
- perhaps you have a problem area, but there are no problems in the head office. It must be solved collectively and depending on the problem.
Lots of options and each case is different.
Picture for clarity:

Answer 2

Which equipment and which manufacturers are most often used

Definitely not ciscos, for the most part they use Dlink.
And you won’t find it, it’s like looking on Google for your favorite dish “Manki from the 5th apartment” - here everyone is in what way and what money they have.
Do you think that the optics were extended to you directly from the Provo core to your apartment?
The provider’s network is being built and there are many serial connection points, if the power is turned off somewhere at the point, then everyone who sits after is without communication, it’s not the fault of the provider, it’s the fault of utility services + they often steal equipment + competitors + hell knows what else.
Well, the fault of the provider, if there is, is only in the fact that they did not put the "uninterruptible" on the point.
You can stretch personal optics from the core to yourself and immediately your problems will disappear, although you definitely won’t like the price.

Answer 3

In short, then:
1) You can not come to the city without permission. Either with a senior provider, or by pull.
Both are expensive, and therefore money for equipment standards will not immediately be in this city. You will have to rent someone else's or buy a used one. Hence the greatest number of breakdowns.
2) Mostly brand name managed switches.
3) Perhaps your provider has matured and upgrades the equipment, this may be accompanied by long interruptions. It is better to make friends with someone from Provo and find out more precisely.
4) In the end, this may be an individual feature of the equipment in your house / area, or the administrator's laziness. It is very easy to check. Gather in a group of 10 people in the nearest radius and write a claim for recalculation of payment for the downtime of the service. Very often the problem is solved in a day or two forever.
All this applies to small private providers.

Answer 4

If the question is about an ordinary FTTx Ethernet fixed connection provider, then it was ...
And the problems, well, they have already voiced ... On my own behalf, I will add the most common problem - the lack of power at intermediate nodes for various reasons and a thunderstorm in case of copper transfers between houses. These are technical, but there are also administrative ones, there are a lot of them ...