How does the standard "mail() function" mail sending work in Wordpress and how do I set it up?

Question

linux

I recently encountered the fact that when moving to a new hosting, WordPress lost mail. Emails from contact forms, password recovery, and more don't reach their destination.
And then I realized that I don’t know anything about how exactly this mail sending works. What does the mail()
function mean ? How does WordPress send mail through it, and with what? From a mail server? By default, wordpress sends emails from a mailbox like wordpress @mysite.com . How does he do it, how the hell does he do it? How does he know which mail server to connect to and where does he get all the details from?

It happens that an error appears like "the mail() function is disabled on the server", how to fix it, how to enable it on shared hosting or on your VPS?
I also understand that the standard WordPress phpmailer supports the function of sending via SMTP. How are they different, mail() and SMTP ?

Answer 1

The mail() function is disabled on the hosting
Look at this answer Wordpress does not send mail - where to edit and ...