How does the printer work at the software level?

Question

Printers

How does printing work? The computer sends the image to the printer, and it processes everything itself, or does the computer itself decide where and how to print, and the printer only performs direct printing? What is the logic of printing?
Please give an answer or indicate in which direction to dig

Answer 1

For example:
kohnvict.ucoz.ru/ps/papers/ps-paper-5.htm
further
kohnvict.ucoz.ru/ps/papers/ps-paper-2.htm
here
https://habr.com/ru/post /266677/

Answer 2

There is raster printing, when a computer forms an image and sends it to a printer.
And there are various printer control languages, for example, PCL .

Answer 3

If the printer is better, it implements the languages ​​in which jobs are generated. Usually these are PCL and PostScript.
The second allows almost any task, but requires an almost full-fledged computer with considerable memory for rasterization. So the optional PostScript card could be half the price of the printer itself. But such a printer in the office is a trouble-free and nimble workhorse that does not need to be changed for ten years. This is how Hewlett-Packard earned a very good reputation in its time.
To reduce the cost of the printer, manufacturers abandon universal languages ​​and implement primitive ones that do not require special resources in the printer itself. The printer driver on the computer takes care of translating the job using its own resources. This is how "Windows printers" work - if drivers for other systems are not written for them, printing from them will not work. And that is why cheap home printers print from Apple devices not with an honest Apple protocol, but only through an application that needs to be installed on an iPhone and send tasks to it. Now the manufacturers of such junk no longer ignore Linux, but adventures with it are quite possible. For example, Brazers start up and work by simple dances.
Also, due to the limited resources of such a printer, it can easily be hung up from too heavy tasks or be damned useless as a network in the office. These are cheap Kiosery, for example. Despite the fact that serious cars in a different price range are quite worthy.