How are social networks and instant messengers arranged?

Question

IT education

I'll start from afar. In accordance with the trends of the modern world, I became interested in only one question, how to protect myself and my information. I, like many people, use social networks for communication, and I believe that all communication should be private, but having bits of information, I found out that this is not entirely true.
Where can I get well-structured information, starting with the primitive structure of social networks of instant messengers and the principle of their work, ending with a full analysis of one of the popular social networks. And also I will not refuse if you advise me where to get information on the topic of anonymity and security on the Internet.
I also hope that I can find somewhere the answer to the question: |Where to look for a social network in which strangers do not have access to your correspondence and data?|
In general, in a word, I need information, due to the fact that I have bits of knowledge, I don’t quite understand why social networks cannot be safe (or can they?), And why I can’t return to the days of the Internet, when you could easily communicate on hot topics.
Sorry for the punctuation and spelling :)

Answer 1

Where can I get well-structured information starting from the primitive structure of social networks of instant messengers

Social The web is like a postal courier. You give him a note with text/photo/..., and he passes this note to the addressee. Obviously, he may not pass, read, or even replace the sheet of paper with the text. In addition to all this, each such leaflet is read by a major of the KFSB. That's how they work.

Where to look for a social network in which strangers do not have access to your correspondence and data?

Nowhere, it doesn't happen. Social the network requires money for maintenance and receives income from the sale of data about its users. There will be no such data - there will be no servers, the website/application will not work.

And why can't I return to the days of the Internet, when it was possible to calmly communicate on sensitive topics.

There has never been such a time. It's just that the authorities were busy "debugging" the real world. Now in life everything (money) is already under complete control, so it's time to tighten the screws in the virtual space. Tor was blocked the other day.
What to do?
To communicate securely on the Internet, you need to follow the tradition of old spy movies and use end-to-end encryption. Only real, and not these your telegrams / vatsaps:
1) we meet with a friend and physically exchange encryption keys
2) we encrypt all correspondence locally (without the Internet) with keys
3) we transmit it through any communication channel (messenger, mail, social network).
Recently, networks have realized that they are being used as free couriers and have begun to ban ciphers.
More: cryptography + steganography.

Answer 2

1) Anonymity on the Internet as such does not exist, and there have never been other times. If they want, they will find it.
2) Who needs you?

Answer 3

Weird question.
20 years ago, the Internet was organized the way tech enthusiasts did it.
Now the Internet is arranged in the way that big business suits it, and where big business is involved, even bigger business-politicians naturally come.
Therefore, it does not matter what and how it is technically arranged. In countries where the power structure is strong, all major social networks and instant messengers will be under the control of politics.
Everything that is freely available will be available to politicians and scammers for analysis.
Therefore, the only way to be safe is to minimize information about yourself.
Everyone has their own level - someone does not mind that everyone sees his pictures, someone is against it.
Do not use vk messengers for "sharp" conversations.
The world has simply changed, and nothing will change from your desire to get into the past.