Efficiently filling 2D space with shapes?

Question

JavaScript

What is the correct name for an algorithm or the science of filling a two-dimensional space with figures? Or are there any ready-made libraries for JavaScript for such calculations?
Here is an example as in the figure, some area is given and you need to fit circles with a certain diameter as much as possible. in the center is a small circle that cannot be touched.
i.imgur.com/BsC6By0.jpg

Answer 1

Packaging tasks