Can a redesign, while maintaining the structure, lead to a drawdown of the site in the search results?

Question

Search Engine Optimization

Good afternoon. I apologize in advance for a possibly stupid question.
There is a site with a zero design, the customer wants to update. But for key queries, this site comes out in top positions. Accordingly, these positions do not want to lose.
If I keep the site structure i.e. the text that was on the old site under the h1 tag, that text will be under the h1 tag on the new site, and with the rest of the markup everything is the same - in this case, nothing should change, right? It seems to me that the bot should not care whether h1 has a class or this h1 in some other div.
Plus, if the site is adaptive, then this will also give a plus to the site's karma.
This is my reasoning out loud so to speak. Can someone more knowledgeable confirm/deny my concerns?

Answer 1

If the structure remains, nothing should happen.
The key phrase is "shouldn't". As already mentioned above, the site can sink for a variety of reasons)
If users do not like your new design, the site can easily lose positions due to behavioral factors, or cause a flurry of shit towards the site (as was the case with film search, for example).
But if the design is good + becomes adaptive, then there will be an increase in attendance rather than its subsidence.