Application installation methods in Mac OS X?

Question

macOS

What are the methods for installing applications in Mac OS X? Sorry for the childish question, but I have a confusion in my head.
The options are:
1) Find it in the AppStore and click to install, if necessary, pay with a credit card. Applications are installed as on an iPhone (and in linux mint/ubuntu/debian, etc. from the repository) somewhere incomprehensibly where in the system and are completely removed as in the iPhone by "removing the icon" and do not leave any garbage in the system.
2) Download some *.dmg file, run (unzip) and drag it to the programs folder and after that it automatically appears in the launcher and works as a portable exe file in windows. When removed from the programs folder, it disappears forever from the system with all traces.
3) Download the windows-style "next-next-ready" installer, which will scatter a bunch of files around the system, which can be completely removed in the end only with specialized software ala AppCleaner. Or just remove it by removing the icon in the same way.
All right?

Answer 1

What about brew install PACKAGENAME

Answer 2

"deleting an icon"

This is not an icon, but a real directory with its own hierarchy - there are executable files, libraries, settings, resources, databases. All this is structured by subdirectories. In the terminal, you can climb the insides.

Answer 3

what is the problem with that?

Answer 4

In the second case, I advise you to remove it with AppCleaner.
In the third, UninstallPKG

Answer 5

>2
>works as a portable exe file in windows
Very close to that. The undoubted plus of makosi compared to linux.
No, in most cases the tails remain. Otherwise, the developers of shareware applications would have died of starvation long ago. As advised above, it is better to remove it with AppCleaner.