403 Forbidden when trying to give out a role in discord.py?

Question

Python

I have code:

intents = discord.Intents.all()
bot = commands.Bot(command_prefix = settings['prefix'], intents=intents)

@bot.event
async def on_member_join(member):
    await member.send(f"Thanks for Joining {member.guild.name}")
    role = discord.utils.get(member.guild.roles, id=123456)
    await member.add_roles(role)

And where I try to issue a role, it gives out "discord.errors.Forbidden: 403 Forbidden (error code: 50013): Missing Permissions", although I allowed him absolutely everything (from the administrator on the server to the line "intents = discord.Intents .all()"

Answer 1

depending on what role you want to issue.
for example, if a bot has the "Admin" role, with all rights (including administrator rights), it will not be able to:
1) give someone the Admin role, remove the Admin role from itself.
2) give someone a role that is higher in the list of roles than Admin.
only the owner of the server can manipulate absolutely all roles.

Answer 2

In theory, administrator rights prevent bots from interacting with people who have a higher role. Also, most likely you are trying to give a person a role that is more privileged than the role of a bot. In general, the role of a bot should be above others.
People also say that the problem can be if 2FA is enabled on the server, in which case the bot owner should also enable it